Calais

Calais is a port city in northern France, the prefecture of the arrondissement of Calais in the Pas-de-Calais department, Hauts-de-France region. It lies on the coast facing the Strait of Dover, opposite the English coast; Dover is about 34 kilometers away. The Port of Calais handles passenger and freight ferries to the United Kingdom, and the nearby Channel Tunnel rail link at Coquelles provides additional cross-Channel transport access.

Calais has a long history as a strategic harbor. In the Middle Ages it grew as a trading town and was captured by the English in 1347 during the Hundred Years' War, remaining under English control until 1558, when it was retaken by France. The town has long been associated with fishing and trade, and from the 17th century onward with lace-making; the Lace Museum in Calais preserves examples of Leavers lace and the region's textile heritage.

In the present day, Calais remains a major port and logistics hub for cross-Channel traffic. The economy includes ferry and freight services, fishing, and related services at the port. The Lace Museum and other cultural and historic sites reflect Calais's heritage, and the city’s architecture and maritime legacy remain notable features.

In 2015–2016, Calais drew international attention for the migrant encampment known as the Calais Jungle near the port; authorities cleared the site in 2016, and residents were relocated to alternative sites in France and elsewhere.