Cadiz

Cadiz is a city and port in southwestern Spain, serving as the capital of the province of Cadiz within the autonomous community of Andalusia. It sits on a narrow Atlantic peninsula at the western end of the Bay of Cadiz, connected to the mainland by a natural isthmus. The location gives the city a long maritime tradition and a compact historic core surrounded by water on three sides.

Historically, Cadiz is one of Europe’s oldest continuously inhabited settlements. It was a Phoenician stronghold known as Gadir, with earlier Tartessan occupation, and later came under Carthaginian and Roman rule before becoming part of the medieval and early modern Atlantic trade networks. The city developed as a major naval and commercial port, a role that persisted into the modern era and shaped its urban form.

Key landmarks include the Cathedral of Cadiz (two-towered Baroque and Neoclassical church completed in the 18th century), the Castillo de San Sebastián and the Castillo de Santa Catalina guarding the harbor, and the Torre Tavira, which houses a camera obscura offering views over the city. La Caleta beach and the historic quarter are popular with visitors. Cadiz is also known for its Carnival, one of Spain’s most famous and vibrant celebrations.

Economically, the Port of Cadiz remains important for commerce, fishing, and passenger traffic, complemented by naval facilities and services. The city hosts the University of Cadiz and related research institutes, contributing to education and culture in the region. Cadiz’s economy is also supported by tourism, conservatively preserving its architectural heritage and maritime atmosphere. The climate is Mediterranean with Atlantic influence, giving mild winters and warm summers.