CaFoszátanyagcsere

CaFoszátanyagcsere refers to the metabolic processes involving calcium and phosphate in the body. These two minerals are crucial for numerous physiological functions, including bone formation and maintenance, muscle contraction, nerve impulse transmission, and cellular signaling. The balance of calcium and phosphate is tightly regulated through a complex interplay of hormones and organs.

The primary hormones involved in calcium and phosphate homeostasis are parathyroid hormone (PTH), calcitonin, and vitamin D. PTH, secreted by the parathyroid glands, increases blood calcium levels by promoting its release from bones, reducing its excretion by the kidneys, and stimulating vitamin D activation. Calcitonin, produced by the thyroid gland, acts to lower blood calcium levels, though its role in humans is less significant than PTH. Vitamin D, obtained through diet and sunlight exposure, enhances the absorption of calcium and phosphate from the intestines and also plays a role in bone metabolism.

The intestines, kidneys, and bones are the main sites of calcium and phosphate regulation. The small intestine is where most dietary calcium and phosphate absorption occurs, a process influenced by vitamin D. The kidneys filter blood and reabsorb or excrete calcium and phosphate, allowing for fine-tuning of blood levels. Bones serve as a large reservoir for calcium and phosphate, releasing these minerals when blood levels are low and storing them when they are high. Disruptions in CaFoszátanyagcsere can lead to various health conditions, such as osteoporosis, rickets, and kidney stones.