COLREG

COLREG is a common abbreviation for the International Regulations for Preventing Collisions at Sea, 1972, as amended. These regulations are an internationally agreed-upon set of rules designed to ensure the safety of navigation and prevent collisions between vessels at sea. They are developed and maintained by the International Maritime Organization (IMO), a specialized agency of the United Nations.

The COLREGs cover a wide range of scenarios, including how vessels should conduct themselves in various visibility conditions, how to act when two vessels are approaching each other, how to determine who has the right-of-way, and the use of lights and sound signals. Key aspects include defining "vessels restricted in their ability to maneuver," "vessels not under command," and "vessels constrained by their draft." The rules also specify the conduct expected of power-driven vessels, sailing vessels, fishing vessels, and vessels in or near traffic separation schemes.

Adherence to COLREGs is mandatory for all vessels on international voyages, and most countries have incorporated them into their national maritime laws. The objective is to establish a common understanding and predictable behavior among mariners worldwide, thereby minimizing the risk of accidents and protecting lives and property at sea. Understanding and applying these rules is a fundamental part of maritime education and professional competency.