CH2R

CH2R refers to the Muscarinic Acetylcholine Receptor M2, a G protein-coupled receptor that binds to acetylcholine. It is a subtype of the muscarinic acetylcholine receptors, which are involved in transmitting signals in the central and peripheral nervous system. The M2 receptor is predominantly found in cardiac muscle and smooth muscle, as well as in certain areas of the brain. Its primary function is to regulate heart rate, slow conduction through the atrioventricular node, and induce smooth muscle contraction.

In the heart, activation of CH2R by acetylcholine leads to a decrease in heart rate and contractility. This is mediated by the Gi/o protein coupled to the receptor, which inhibits adenylyl cyclase and opens potassium channels. In smooth muscle, CH2R activation can cause contraction, contributing to functions like vasoconstriction and intestinal motility. In the central nervous system, M2 receptors play roles in modulating neurotransmitter release and cognitive functions. Dysregulation of CH2R activity has been implicated in various cardiovascular diseases and neurological disorders, making it a target for pharmacological interventions.