C2H5IO

C2H5IO is the chemical formula for iodoethane, also known as ethyl iodide. It is an organoiodine compound with the structure CH3CH2I. Iodoethane is a colorless liquid at room temperature and pressure. It is sparingly soluble in water but miscible with common organic solvents such as ethanol and diethyl ether. Its odor is described as sweet.

Iodoethane can be synthesized through several methods. One common laboratory preparation involves the reaction of ethanol with hydroiodic acid or phosphorus triiodide. It can also be formed by the reaction of ethylene with hydrogen iodide. Industrially, it may be produced by the reaction of ethylene with iodine and hydrogen iodide.

Iodoethane is primarily used as a reagent in organic synthesis. It serves as an ethylating agent, meaning it can introduce an ethyl group (CH3CH2-) into other molecules. This is useful for creating more complex organic compounds. For example, it is used in the Williamson ether synthesis to form ethyl ethers and in the alkylation of amines to form ethylamines. It can also be used in the preparation of Grignard reagents, such as ethylmagnesium iodide.

Due to its reactivity, iodoethane is considered a hazardous substance. It is flammable and can be irritating to the skin, eyes, and respiratory tract. Proper handling procedures and protective equipment are necessary when working with this compound. It is important to store iodoethane in a cool, dark place, as it can decompose upon exposure to light and air, forming free iodine which gives it a purplish hue.