C1H6N2

C1H6N2 is the molecular formula for monomethylhydrazine (MMH), also known as N-methylhydrazine. Its structure corresponds to a methyl group attached to one nitrogen of the hydrazine moiety, giving CH3NHNH2. MMH is a reactive hydrazine derivative and is used in various industrial and aerospace applications.

Synthesis and occurrence: MMH is not found naturally in meaningful quantities. It is produced commercially by methylating hydrazine or related intermediates. Common routes include alkylation of hydrazine with methylating agents such as methyl iodide or dimethyl sulfate, or through selective reduction of nitrosomethylamine derivatives. In pure form, MMH is a volatile liquid that must be handled under strict safety protocols.

Applications: MMH is best known as a hypergolic rocket propellant when paired with oxidizers such as nitrogen tetroxide or red fuming nitric acid, where contact with the oxidizer instantly ignites the fuel. This property has led to its historical use in space missions and defense systems. Beyond propulsion, MMH serves as a reagent in organic synthesis for preparing hydrazine derivatives and certain azine compounds, though its hazardous nature limits routine laboratory use.

Safety and handling: MMH is highly toxic, corrosive, and volatile. Inhalation or dermal exposure can cause severe health effects, including damage to the liver, kidneys, and nervous system, and it is considered a potential carcinogen. It forms hazardous mixtures with oxidizers and requires strict regulatory controls during production, storage, and transport. Proper engineering controls, protective equipment, and emergency procedures are essential when working with MMH.