Bussard

Bussard is a surname of German origin. The name is associated in science with the Bussard ramjet, a theoretical model of interstellar propulsion named after American physicist Robert W. Bussard (1928–2007). In his 1960s proposals, Bussard described a spacecraft that would collect hydrogen from the interstellar medium with a large magnetic scoop and use it as fusion fuel for onboard reactors, producing thrust without carrying large amounts of propellant.

Since then, the concept has been discussed extensively. Proponents have argued that a sufficiently dense interstellar medium and efficient fusion could yield high exhaust speeds and mission feasibility. Critics, however, point to practical hurdles, including low fuel density in interstellar space, drag from the intake system, energy losses, and the difficulty of achieving net energy gain. Most mainstream analyses conclude that a Bussard ramjet would require conditions or technologies beyond current physics, making it a theoretical or speculative option. The idea remains a recurring element in discussions of theoretical propulsion and has appeared in science fiction.