Brtranszplantációk

Brtranszplantációk, or bone marrow transplantation, is a medical procedure used to treat certain types of cancer, blood disorders, and immune deficiencies. It involves replacing damaged or diseased bone marrow with healthy stem cells. These stem cells can be sourced from the patient's own body (autologous transplant) or from a donor (allogeneic transplant). Before the transplant, the patient undergoes a conditioning regimen, typically chemotherapy or radiation, to eliminate existing bone marrow and suppress their immune system, preventing rejection of the new cells.

The healthy stem cells are then infused into the patient's bloodstream, similar to a blood transfusion. These cells travel to the bone marrow and begin to produce new, healthy blood cells. The process of engraftment, where the new stem cells take hold and start functioning, can take several weeks. During this time, patients are highly susceptible to infections and require close monitoring and supportive care, including transfusions and antibiotics.

Bone marrow transplantation is a complex procedure with potential risks and complications, including graft-versus-host disease, where the donor's immune cells attack the recipient's body, and infections. However, for many patients with otherwise untreatable conditions, it offers a chance for a cure or significant improvement in their quality of life. Advances in transplantation techniques and supportive care have improved outcomes and expanded the range of conditions for which this procedure is a viable treatment option.