Breitenbestimmung

Breitenbestimmung is a geographical and cartographic term originating from German, which translates to "latitude determination" or "latitude measurement." It refers to the process of determining the latitude of a specific location on the Earth's surface, typically through survey techniques, astronomical observations, or modern GPS technology.

Historically, before the advent of satellite navigation, Breitenbestimmung was achieved by astronomical means, such as measuring the angle between celestial bodies (like the North Star or the Sun) and the horizon. These measurements allowed surveyors and navigators to establish precise latitudinal positions, which were vital for mapping, navigation, and territorial delineation.

In modern practice, latitude determination is typically carried out using satellite-based Global Positioning System (GPS) devices. These systems provide highly accurate and efficient means of establishing a point's position in terms of both latitude and longitude, suitable for various applications such as cartography, geodesy, and land surveying.

Breitenbestimmung plays a crucial role in geographic information systems and for scientific research involving Earth's shape, rotation, and climate patterns. It is also fundamental in navigation, aviation, maritime activities, and infrastructure development.

While traditional methods of Breitenbestimmung have largely been replaced by technological advancements, understanding the principles behind this process remains essential in fields requiring precise geographic referencing and surveying.