Blóðrásarferlum

Blóðrásarferlum, commonly known as blood circulation, refers to the continuous movement of blood throughout the body. This vital process is driven by the heart, a muscular organ that pumps blood through a network of blood vessels. The circulatory system is broadly divided into two main circuits: the pulmonary circulation and the systemic circulation.

Pulmonary circulation is responsible for carrying deoxygenated blood from the heart to the lungs and returning oxygenated blood back to the heart. In the lungs, carbon dioxide is released from the blood, and oxygen is absorbed.

Systemic circulation, on the other hand, distributes oxygenated blood from the heart to the rest of the body's tissues and organs. Here, oxygen and nutrients are delivered to the cells, while waste products like carbon dioxide are picked up. This deoxygenated blood then returns to the heart to begin the cycle anew.

The blood vessels involved include arteries, which carry blood away from the heart, and veins, which carry blood back to the heart. Between these are capillaries, tiny vessels where the exchange of substances between the blood and the body's cells takes place. This intricate and constant flow is essential for sustaining life, providing cells with the oxygen and nutrients they need to function and removing waste products.