Biodisponible

Biodisponible is a term used in pharmacology and nutrition to describe the fraction of an administered dose of an unchanged drug or nutrient that reaches the systemic circulation and is therefore available to exert its intended effect. Essentially, it refers to how much of a substance is absorbed by the body and can be used. Various factors influence bioavailability, including the route of administration, the chemical properties of the substance, and individual physiological characteristics. For orally ingested substances, factors such as solubility, stability in the gastrointestinal tract, and first-pass metabolism in the liver can significantly reduce bioavailability. For example, a drug with low oral bioavailability might require a higher dose when taken by mouth compared to when administered intravenously, where it bypasses the digestive system and liver first-pass effect. In nutrition, bioavailability refers to the proportion of vitamins, minerals, or other nutrients in food that are absorbed and utilized by the body. This is why consuming nutrient-rich foods alone doesn't guarantee optimal nutrient levels; how well those nutrients are absorbed is also crucial. Understanding bioavailability is vital for determining appropriate dosages, optimizing drug efficacy, and ensuring adequate nutrient intake from dietary sources.