Betöltprogramok

Betöltprogramok, also known as bootloaders, are essential software components that initiate the booting process of a computer system. They are typically stored in the system's non-volatile memory, such as the BIOS or UEFI firmware, and are the first program to run when a computer is powered on. The primary function of a bootloader is to load the operating system kernel into memory and transfer control to it.

There are two main types of bootloaders: primary and secondary. The primary bootloader is responsible for loading the secondary bootloader, which in turn loads the operating system. Examples of primary bootloaders include the Master Boot Record (MBR) and the GUID Partition Table (GPT) bootloader. Secondary bootloaders, such as GRUB (GRand Unified Bootloader) and LILO (Linux Loader), are more specific to the operating system and handle the details of loading the kernel and initial RAM disk.

Bootloaders play a crucial role in the system's startup process, ensuring that the operating system is correctly loaded and initialized. They also provide a means for users to select from multiple operating systems or kernels, offering flexibility in system configuration. Additionally, bootloaders can include features for troubleshooting and recovery, such as booting from a live CD or accessing a command-line interface.

In summary, betöltprogramok are fundamental to the booting process of a computer system, facilitating the loading of the operating system and providing essential functionality for system configuration and troubleshooting.