Beaufortskálát

The Beaufort scale is an empirical measure that relates wind speed to observed conditions at sea or on land. It was developed in the early 19th century by Francis Beaufort, an Irish hydrographer and naval officer. Beaufort devised the scale as a way to standardize observations of wind force, which was crucial for navigation and maritime safety. Initially, the scale was based on the state of the sea and the performance of various types of sailing ships.

The original Beaufort scale had 13 force numbers, from 0 (calm) to 12 (hurricane). Each force is described by a specific wind speed range and a corresponding set of observable effects, such as the appearance of the sea surface (e.g., ripples, waves, foam) or the impact on land features (e.g., leaves rustling, branches breaking, widespread destruction). Over time, the scale has been refined and adapted, with more precise wind speed equivalents added. Modern versions of the Beaufort scale are widely used by meteorologists, sailors, and other maritime professionals worldwide. It provides a simple yet effective way to communicate wind conditions without the need for complex instruments, relying instead on direct observation.