Basebandsignaalia

Baseband signal is a signal that occupies the lowest range of frequencies within a communication channel. It is the signal before it has been modulated or shifted to a higher frequency band for transmission. In digital communication, baseband signals represent the raw digital data, often as a sequence of pulses. These pulses can take various forms, such as non-return-to-zero (NRZ) or Manchester encoding.

When transmitting data over a medium like a wire, the baseband signal is directly applied to the medium. The characteristics of the baseband signal, such as its bandwidth and shape, are crucial for determining the speed and reliability of communication. For instance, a wider bandwidth allows for faster data transmission but may also be more susceptible to noise. The spectrum of a baseband signal typically starts at 0 Hz and extends up to a certain maximum frequency.

In contrast to broadband signals, which are shifted to higher frequencies for transmission, baseband signals are used in systems where the available bandwidth is limited or where simplicity of implementation is desired. Examples include Ethernet networks, where data is transmitted directly over twisted-pair cables without modulation. Understanding baseband signals is fundamental to comprehending how digital information is represented and transmitted in various communication systems.