Azaltarak

Azaltarak is a Turkish zarf-fiil (adverbial participle) formed from the verb azaltmak, meaning “to reduce” or “to lessen.” It expresses the manner or means by which the action of the main clause is carried out, roughly translating to “by reducing” or “by decreasing” in English.

Formation and usage: The form is created by attaching the suffix -arak to the verb stem: azalt- + -arak. It follows vowel harmony and forms a single word: azaltarak. It links a subordinate clause to a main clause and indicates the method, instrument, or means by which an outcome is achieved. It is common in formal or written Turkish and can convey the sense of doing something in order to achieve a result.

Examples:

- Giderleri azaltarak bütçeyi dengeledi. (He balanced the budget by reducing expenses.)

- Maliyetleri azaltarak rekabet gücünü artırdı. (By reducing costs, he increased competitiveness.)

- Atıkları azaltarak çevreyi korudu. (By reducing waste, he protected the environment.)

Notes: Azaltarak is one of several zarf-fiil forms in Turkish and is primarily used to describe method or means in a formal or written register. Related constructions include other adverbial participles formed with -arak/-erek, which express similar ways of linking actions.