Avogadrotörvény

Avogadrotörvény, also known as Avogadro's Law, is a fundamental principle in chemistry and physics that describes the relationship between the volume of a gas and the number of moles of that gas, under conditions of constant temperature and pressure. The law states that equal volumes of all gases, at the same temperature and pressure, contain the same number of molecules. This means that if you have two different gases, and they occupy the same volume at the same temperature and pressure, then they must contain the same number of particles.

This principle was first proposed by the Italian scientist Amedeo Avogadro in 1811. Avogadro's hypothesis was crucial in distinguishing between atoms and molecules and in determining accurate atomic weights. The law is often expressed mathematically as V/n = k, where V is the volume of the gas, n is the amount of substance (in moles), and k is a constant. This implies that the volume of a gas is directly proportional to the number of moles of the gas, provided temperature and pressure remain constant. For example, if you double the number of moles of a gas while keeping the temperature and pressure the same, the volume of the gas will also double. Avogadrotörvény is a cornerstone of stoichiometry and gas law calculations, and it is essential for understanding the quantitative relationships in chemical reactions involving gases.