Avaldunud

Avaldunud is an Estonian word formed as a participial adjective from the verb avaldama (to publish, to announce) or its related verb avalduma. It denotes something that has appeared, been revealed, or come into public view. As a participial adjective, avaldunud can describe nouns such as documents, notices, studies, or information that have recently appeared or been made public.

In grammar, avaldunud functions as a past participle with adjectival use. It agrees with the noun it modifies in number and case, for example: avaldunud dokument (a document that has appeared/published), avaldunud teade (a notice that has appeared), avaldunud andmed (data that have been published). The form is commonly used in journalism, academic writing, and formal communication to indicate that something has entered the public domain.

Usage notes and nuance: avaldunud emphasizes that the item has appeared or become available publicly, often as a result of publication or release. It can be contrasted with avaldatud, a more standard passive participle meaning “published,” which focuses on the act of publishing itself. In practice, the choice between avaldunud and avaldatud may reflect subtle shades of emphasis on appearance versus publication, and both appear in contemporary Estonian texts.

Related terms include avaldama (to publish/announce), avaldaja (publisher), and avaldus (publication, statement, or petition). The noun avaldus is sometimes used for official statements or notices; its sense differs from the verb-derived avaldunud, which remains an attributive form describing that something has appeared publicly.