Autograph

An autograph is a person’s handwritten signature, typically used to attest to identity, authorize a document, or endorse content. The word autograph comes from the Greek autos "self" and graphein "to write." Historically, signatures developed as marks of consent and ownership, with seals common in earlier eras and personal signing becoming standard as record-keeping expanded in the modern period. Today, autographs appear on legal documents, contracts, certificates, letters, and forms, and they have also become objects of public interest as memorabilia and collectibles.

Autographs are sought by fans and collectors on a variety of media, including photographs, books, sports cards, posters, and letters. The value of an autograph depends on the person’s fame, the rarity of the item, legibility, whether an inscription is present, and provenance—its documented history of ownership. Public signings, meet-and-greets, and signing events supply material for collectors, while rare early or limited-edition items can command high prices.

Authentication and forgery are central concerns in the autograph market. Collectors rely on provenance, handwriting analysis, ink and medium dating, and the reputation of sellers. Third-party authentication services provide certificates of authenticity, sometimes with longitudinal databases. Caution is advised against purchases with weak provenance, inconsistent handwriting, or lack of verifiable records.

Autographs reflect the intersection of personal identity, cultural memory, and commerce, and they continue to evolve with changing media and collecting practices.