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Authoritative name servers are DNS servers that store and provide the official DNS records for a specific domain. These servers hold the definitive information about domain names, including IP addresses, mail server settings, and other DNS records. When a user attempts to access a website, their computer queries DNS servers to find the IP address associated with the domain name. Authoritative name servers are the ultimate source of truth for this information, as they are directly configured by the domain owner or their administrator.

These servers differ from recursive DNS servers, which perform queries on behalf of clients and cache results. Authoritative servers only respond to queries about domains they are responsible for and do not perform caching for external domains. Each domain typically has multiple authoritative name servers for redundancy, ensuring that if one server fails, others can still respond to queries.

The proper functioning of authoritative name servers is critical for internet accessibility, as they form the foundation of the DNS hierarchy. Without them, users would need to memorize IP addresses instead of domain names, making the internet significantly less user-friendly. Domain owners must ensure their authoritative name servers are configured correctly and maintained properly to guarantee their domains remain accessible to users worldwide.