Augukorrosioon

Augukorrosioon, often translated as steam corrosion, refers to the degradation of materials, typically metals, caused by exposure to steam, particularly at elevated temperatures and pressures. This form of corrosion can manifest in various ways, depending on the specific metal, the steam's composition, and the environmental conditions.

One common mechanism involves the reaction of steam with the metal surface to form oxides or hydroxides. For instance, iron and steel can react with steam to produce iron oxides, such as magnetite (Fe3O4), which can flake off or form a protective layer depending on the circumstances. This process is accelerated by higher temperatures, as the chemical reaction rates increase.

The presence of impurities in the steam, such as dissolved oxygen, carbon dioxide, or chlorides, can significantly exacerbate augukorrosioon. Dissolved oxygen can act as an oxidant, promoting electrochemical corrosion. Carbon dioxide can form carbonic acid, which increases the acidity of condensate, leading to accelerated attack. Chlorides, even in trace amounts, can break down passive oxide layers on stainless steels, leading to localized corrosion like pitting.

Augukorrosioon is a significant concern in various industrial applications, including power generation (boilers, turbines), chemical processing, and steam heating systems. The resulting material loss and weakening can lead to reduced efficiency, component failure, and safety hazards. Mitigation strategies often involve controlling steam quality, selecting appropriate corrosion-resistant materials, and implementing protective coatings or water treatment programs.