Atmungszyklen

Atmungszyklen, also known as respiratory cycles, refer to the complete process of inhalation and exhalation. This rhythmic process is essential for the exchange of gases in the body, specifically the intake of oxygen and the removal of carbon dioxide. Each cycle involves two main phases: inspiration (breathing in) and expiration (breathing out). During inspiration, the diaphragm contracts and flattens, while the intercostal muscles contract, lifting the rib cage. This increases the volume of the thoracic cavity, causing a decrease in pressure within the lungs, which draws air in. Expiration is typically a passive process. The diaphragm and intercostal muscles relax, decreasing the volume of the thoracic cavity and increasing the pressure within the lungs, forcing air out. The rate and depth of these cycles are regulated by the respiratory center in the brainstem, which responds to chemical cues in the blood, such as carbon dioxide levels. Various factors can influence breathing cycles, including physical activity, emotional state, and certain medical conditions. The coordinated action of muscles and nerves ensures a continuous and efficient supply of oxygen to the body's tissues and the elimination of waste gases.