Asuntokauppa

Asuntokauppa refers to the transaction of buying and selling real estate, typically a dwelling such as an apartment or house, in Finland. This process involves legal agreements, financial considerations, and often the involvement of real estate agents. The primary legal document governing asuntokauppa is the Finnish Real Estate Transactions Act (Maakaari).

When purchasing a property, a buyer typically signs a preliminary sales agreement (esopimus), which outlines the terms and conditions of the sale, including the price, payment schedule, and closing date. A deposit (varausmaksu or käsiraha) is usually paid at this stage. The final sale is then formalized through a deed of sale (kauppakirja), which must be notarized by a public notary or a lawyer.

Selling a property involves preparing the property for sale, marketing it, and negotiating with potential buyers. Sellers are obligated to disclose known defects and provide relevant documentation about the property. Buyers have the right to inspect the property and, in some cases, to withdraw from the purchase under certain conditions, such as if significant undisclosed defects are discovered.

Financing for asuntokauppa is commonly secured through a mortgage loan (asuntolaina) from a bank. The transaction also involves various taxes and fees, including transfer tax (varainsiirtovero) paid by the buyer and potential capital gains tax for the seller if the property is sold at a profit. Real estate agents (kiinteistönvälittäjä) play a significant role in facilitating asuntokauppa by assisting sellers with marketing and buyers with finding suitable properties.