Arteriovenüüsse

Arteriovenüüsse refers to the direct or indirect connection between an artery and a vein. These connections bypass the capillary network, which is the usual route for blood flow from arteries to veins. Such abnormal connections can be congenital, meaning they are present at birth, or acquired due to trauma, surgery, or medical procedures. The most common form of arteriovenous connection is an arteriovenous malformation (AVM).

AVMs are tangled masses of abnormal blood vessels where arteries connect directly to veins without the intervening capillaries. This shunting of blood from high-pressure arteries to low-pressure veins can lead to several complications. The altered blood flow can cause the affected vessels to enlarge and weaken, increasing the risk of rupture and hemorrhage. In some cases, AVMs can lead to symptoms such as pain, swelling, or abnormal sounds known as bruits.

The diagnosis of arteriovenous connections typically involves imaging techniques like angiography, MRI, or CT scans to visualize the abnormal blood vessels. Treatment strategies depend on the size, location, and symptoms of the arteriovenous connection. Options may include observation, medication to manage symptoms, endovascular embolization to block off abnormal vessels, or surgical intervention to remove or repair the affected area.