ArcBArcA
ArcBArcA is a bacterial two-component regulatory system that helps cells adapt to changes in oxygen availability and redox state. It is best characterized in Escherichia coli and related gamma-proteobacteria, where it coordinates metabolism and energy generation by adjusting gene expression in response to the cellular redox environment.
ArcB is a sensor histidine kinase that detects the redox state of the quinone pool in the
Under more oxidizing, high-oxygen conditions, ArcB exhibits phosphatase activity that removes the phosphate from ArcA-P, thereby
Functionally, ArcA-P generally represses genes involved in aerobic respiration and the TCA cycle while activating genes
The ArcB–ArcA system operates alongside other global regulators and is conserved across many Gram-negative bacteria, contributing