Alvásdiagnosztika

Alvásdiagnosztika refers to the medical process of identifying and diagnosing sleep disorders. This field utilizes various methods to assess an individual's sleep patterns and identify underlying abnormalities that may be contributing to sleep disturbances. The primary goal of alvásdiagnosztika is to provide an accurate diagnosis, which then guides the selection of appropriate treatment strategies.

Commonly employed techniques in alvásdiagnosztika include polysomnography (PSG), often referred to as a sleep study. During a PSG, a patient spends a night in a specialized sleep laboratory where various physiological parameters are monitored. These typically include brain wave activity (electroencephalography or EEG), eye movements (electrooculography or EOG), muscle activity (electromyography or EMG), heart rate and rhythm (electrocardiography or ECG), breathing effort and airflow, and blood oxygen levels. Other diagnostic tools may include actigraphy, which uses a wrist-worn device to track activity and rest patterns over extended periods, and home sleep apnea testing, a simplified version of PSG conducted at home for suspected obstructive sleep apnea.

The information gathered from these diagnostic procedures helps physicians identify a wide range of sleep disorders, such as insomnia, sleep apnea (obstructive and central), restless legs syndrome, narcolepsy, and parasomnias. A thorough diagnosis is crucial for effective management, as untreated sleep disorders can have significant negative impacts on a person's physical and mental health, quality of life, and overall safety.