Alkaliën

Alkalieën is a term used to describe a group of water-soluble bases. These substances typically have a pH greater than 7. Common examples include sodium hydroxide and potassium hydroxide. When dissolved in water, alkaliën release hydroxide ions (OH-), which are responsible for their basic properties.

The term "alkali" is derived from the Arabic word "al-qali," meaning "ashes," as many of these compounds were historically obtained from the ashes of burnt plants. Alkaliën are a subset of bases, with all alkaliën being bases, but not all bases being alkaliën. The key distinction is their solubility in water.

Alkaliën are highly reactive and can cause severe burns on contact with skin and other tissues. They are used in a wide variety of industrial processes, including soap making, paper production, and in the manufacturing of fertilizers and detergents. In chemistry, they are frequently used in titration to neutralize acids. Due to their corrosive nature, proper handling and safety precautions are essential when working with these compounds. Their high pH is also a significant factor in their environmental impact when released into waterways.