Albúmina

Albúmina is a family of globular proteins that are soluble in water and can be found in various biological fluids and tissues. The most abundant protein in mammalian blood plasma is serum albumin, which plays a crucial role in maintaining oncotic pressure, transporting hormones, fatty acids, bilirubin, and drugs. Its synthesis occurs in the liver. In egg whites, ovalbumin is the main protein, contributing to its foaming and emulsifying properties, making it useful in cooking and baking. Another important albumin is lactalbumin, found in milk, particularly in the whey fraction. Albumin's structure typically consists of multiple domains, often stabilized by disulfide bonds. Its ability to bind to a wide range of molecules makes it essential for transport and buffering functions within the body. Changes in albumin levels in the blood can be indicative of various health conditions, such as liver disease, kidney disease, or malnutrition. Research into albumin continues to explore its potential in drug delivery systems and as a biomarker for disease.