Akumulatora

Akumulatora is a term derived from the Latin word "accumulare," meaning to accumulate or gather. In its most common usage, it refers to an electrical accumulator, more widely known as a battery. An electrical accumulator is a device that stores electrical energy in a chemical form and then converts it back into electrical energy as needed. This process is reversible, allowing the device to be recharged.

The fundamental principle behind an accumulator involves electrochemical reactions. When a battery is discharging, a chemical reaction occurs within it, producing a flow of electrons, which constitutes an electric current. During charging, an external electrical source reverses this chemical reaction, replenishing the stored energy. The capacity of an accumulator is measured in ampere-hours (Ah), indicating how much current it can supply over a specific period.

Various types of accumulators exist, with lead-acid batteries being among the oldest and most common, often used in vehicles. Lithium-ion batteries are now prevalent in portable electronics and electric vehicles due to their high energy density and longer lifespan. Other types include nickel-cadmium (NiCd) and nickel-metal hydride (NiMH) batteries. The selection of an accumulator depends on the specific application's requirements for voltage, capacity, size, weight, and cost. Proper maintenance and disposal are also important considerations for all types of accumulators to ensure safety and environmental responsibility.