Aikajakosignaalointi

Aikajakosignaalointi, often translated as time-division multiplexing (TDM), is a method of transmitting multiple signals over a single communication channel by dividing the channel's time into discrete slots. Each signal is assigned a specific time slot, and data from that signal is transmitted only during its allocated interval. When the time slot for a particular signal is finished, the next signal's turn begins, and this cycle repeats. This allows different data streams to share the same physical medium without interfering with each other.

The process begins with a multiplexer that samples data from each input signal sequentially. These samples are then interleaved into a single composite signal. At the receiving end, a demultiplexer takes the composite signal and, using the timing information, separates the data back into its original streams, directing each stream to its intended destination. The effectiveness of TDM relies on precise synchronization between the multiplexer and demultiplexer to ensure that the correct data is delivered to the correct output.

TDM is widely used in telecommunications, particularly in older digital telephone systems like the T1 and E1 lines, which were fundamental to building telephone networks. It is also employed in some digital broadcasting systems and within local area networks. While simpler to implement than some other multiplexing techniques, TDM can be inefficient if some time slots are not fully utilized, leading to wasted capacity. However, its straightforward nature and historical significance have made it a foundational technology in the development of modern communication systems.