Aerator

An aerator is a device designed to introduce air into a liquid or to mix air and liquid. The term is used across several fields to improve oxygenation, mixing, or flow characteristics.

In open water systems such as aquariums and ponds, air is pumped through diffusers or stones to generate bubbles. The bubbles increase surface area for gas exchange, raising dissolved oxygen levels and supporting aquatic life and beneficial bacteria. Some systems also promote circulation.

In wastewater treatment, aeration supplies oxygen to aerobic microorganisms that oxidize organic matter. Common configurations include surface aerators that churn water and diffused-air systems that bubble air from below the surface. Energy efficiency and odor control are design considerations.

In horticulture and turf management, aerators perforate the soil to relieve compaction, improve air and water movement, and stimulate root growth. Core aerators remove plugs of soil; spike aerators create holes without removing material. Effectiveness depends on soil moisture and timing.

In plumbing, a faucet aerator is a small screen or mesh device at the end of a faucet that mixes air into the water stream. This reduces flow, minimizes splashing, and can improve spray characteristics.