Adrenérgicos

Adrenérgicos refers to substances, primarily neurotransmitters and hormones, that mimic the effects of adrenaline (epinephrine) and noradrenaline (norepinephrine). These endogenous compounds are crucial for the body's "fight or flight" response, a physiological reaction to perceived threats. They act by binding to adrenergic receptors located on various cells throughout the body, including those in the heart, blood vessels, lungs, and brain.

The sympathetic nervous system plays a central role in releasing and utilizing adrenergic substances. When activated, it triggers the release of adrenaline and noradrenaline, leading to a cascade of physiological changes. These include increased heart rate and contractility, elevated blood pressure due to vasoconstriction, dilation of airways (bronchodilation), and mobilization of energy stores like glucose.

Pharmacologically, adrenergic agents are a class of drugs that either stimulate or block adrenergic receptors. Stimulants, like those used to treat asthma or nasal congestion, mimic the natural effects. Blockers, such as beta-blockers used for hypertension, prevent adrenaline and noradrenaline from binding, thereby reducing heart rate and blood pressure. The precise effects of adrenergic agents depend on which specific adrenergic receptor subtype they interact with.