Acilierung

Acilierung, a term primarily used in organic chemistry, refers to the process of introducing an acyl group (R-CO-) into a molecule. This reaction, known as acylation, is typically carried out using acylating agents such as acyl chlorides, anhydrides, or carboxylic acids. The acyl group replaces a hydrogen atom or another functional group on the substrate, forming products like esters, amides, or ketones depending on the reaction conditions and reagents. Acylierung is a fundamental synthetic tool, widely employed in the production of pharmaceuticals, dyes, and polymers. For instance, the acetylation of amines yields amides, which are key intermediates in many drug syntheses. The reaction mechanism often involves nucleophilic attack on the carbonyl carbon of the acylating agent, followed by elimination of a leaving group. In biochemistry, similar concepts may relate to the activation of enzymes or substrates through covalent modifications, though the primary focus of "acilierung" remains the chemical transformation of organic molecules.