Acetilklorid

Acetilklorid is a chemical compound with the formula CH3COCl. It is an acyl halide, derived from acetic acid by replacing the hydroxyl group with a chlorine atom. Acetilklorid is a colorless liquid with a pungent odor. It is highly reactive and corrosive.

This compound is commonly encountered in organic chemistry as a reagent for acetylation reactions. Acetylation involves the introduction of an acetyl group (CH3CO-) into another molecule. Acetilklorid readily reacts with nucleophiles such as alcohols, amines, and phenols to form esters, amides, and phenolic esters, respectively. These reactions typically proceed rapidly and exothermically, often with the liberation of hydrogen chloride gas (HCl).

Due to its reactivity, acetilklorid must be handled with care. It reacts vigorously with water, hydrolyzing to form acetic acid and hydrochloric acid. This makes it sensitive to moisture and requires storage in dry conditions. Its corrosive nature also necessitates the use of appropriate personal protective equipment when working with it. Acetilklorid finds applications in the synthesis of various organic compounds, including pharmaceuticals, dyes, and perfumes.