Absorptionsspektroskopi

Absorptionsspektroskopi is a quantitative chemical analysis technique used to determine the concentration of a substance in a sample. It works by measuring the amount of light absorbed by the sample at specific wavelengths. When electromagnetic radiation, such as visible light or ultraviolet (UV) radiation, passes through a sample, certain wavelengths are absorbed by the molecules present. The amount of absorption is directly proportional to the concentration of the absorbing species. This relationship is described by the Beer-Lambert Law.

The basic principle involves a light source, a sample holder, and a detector. The light source emits radiation over a range of wavelengths. This radiation then passes through the sample. A monochromator or a prism is often used to select a specific wavelength or a narrow band of wavelengths to interact with the sample. The detector measures the intensity of the light that has passed through the sample and compares it to the initial intensity. The difference indicates the amount of light absorbed. By calibrating the instrument with known concentrations of the substance, the concentration of an unknown sample can be determined. Absorptionsspektroskopi is widely used in various fields, including chemistry, biology, environmental science, and medicine, for tasks such as identifying and quantifying chemical compounds.