Absoptiojäähdytys

Absoptiojäähdytys, also known as absorption refrigeration, is a process that uses a heat source to drive a cooling cycle. Unlike compression refrigeration, which relies on mechanical compressors, absorption refrigeration utilizes a thermal compressor. This process involves a refrigerant, typically water or ammonia, and an absorbent fluid, such as lithium bromide or water, respectively.

The absorption cycle begins when the refrigerant evaporates at low pressure, absorbing heat from the space to be cooled. This low-pressure vapor then moves to an absorber, where it is absorbed by the absorbent fluid. This mixture is then pumped to a generator, where heat is applied, causing the refrigerant to vaporize and separate from the absorbent. The refrigerant, now at a higher pressure, travels to a condenser, where it releases heat and condenses into a liquid. Finally, this liquid refrigerant passes through an expansion valve, reducing its pressure and temperature before returning to the evaporator, completing the cycle.

The primary advantage of absorption refrigeration is its ability to use waste heat or low-grade thermal energy, such as solar heat or exhaust from industrial processes, as its energy source. This makes it an energy-efficient and environmentally friendly alternative to compression refrigeration in certain applications. It is commonly used in industrial settings, for air conditioning in buildings, and in recreational vehicles. The main components of an absorption refrigeration system are the evaporator, absorber, generator, and condenser.