Abhängigkeitspolitik

Abhängigkeitspolitik is a term used in political science to describe the strategies and policies employed by developing countries to reduce their dependence on foreign countries, particularly those in the global North. This concept was first introduced by the Latin American economist Raúl Prebisch in the 1950s. The primary goal of Abhängigkeitspolitik is to promote economic self-sufficiency and reduce vulnerability to external shocks, such as fluctuations in commodity prices or changes in international trade policies.

The core principles of Abhängigkeitspolitik include the development of domestic industries, the protection of national markets, and the promotion of regional integration. Developing countries often implement policies such as import substitution, tariffs, and quotas to reduce their reliance on foreign goods and technologies. Additionally, these countries may seek to diversify their economies by developing new sectors and industries that are less dependent on global markets.

Abhängigkeitspolitik also emphasizes the importance of political and economic sovereignty. Developing countries often advocate for greater control over their natural resources and the ability to negotiate more favorable terms in international trade agreements. This approach aims to ensure that the benefits of economic growth are shared more equitably within the country.

Critics of Abhängigkeitspolitik argue that it can lead to protectionism and hinder economic growth by limiting access to global markets. However, proponents contend that the long-term benefits of reducing dependence and promoting self-sufficiency outweigh these short-term costs. The effectiveness of Abhängigkeitspolitik varies widely among countries, depending on factors such as their level of economic development, political stability, and the specific policies implemented.