AVjohtuvuuden

AVjohtavuuden, also known as atrioventricular conduction, refers to the process by which electrical impulses are transmitted from the atria to the ventricles of the heart. This conduction is essential for coordinated cardiac contractions, allowing the heart to pump blood effectively throughout the body. The conduction pathway involves the atrioventricular (AV) node, His bundle, bundle branches, and Purkinje fibers.

The AV node, located at the interatrial septum near the tricuspid valve, acts as a critical delay point in the conduction system. This delay ensures that the atria have enough time to contract and empty blood into the ventricles before they contract. After passing through the AV node, electrical signals travel rapidly through the His bundle and divide into left and right bundle branches, progressing through the Purkinje fibers to stimulate ventricular muscle cells.

AVjohtavuuden can be affected by various factors, including ischemia, fibrosis, drugs, or neurological conditions. These disturbances may lead to conduction delays or blocks, classified into degrees: first-degree AV block (prolonged conduction), second-degree (intermittent conduction failure), or third-degree (complete block). Such impairments can cause symptoms like dizziness, syncope, or arrhythmias, and may require medical intervention such as pacemaker implantation.

Overall, AVjohtavuuden is a vital component of cardiac electrophysiology, ensuring the heart's electrical activity is synchronized for optimal function. Its study and understanding are crucial in diagnosing and treating various heart conduction disorders.