AVLsteknikker

AVLsteknikker, also known as AVL techniques, are a set of algorithms and data structures used in computer science to maintain balanced binary search trees. These techniques are named after their inventors, Adelson-Velsky and Landis, who introduced them in 1962. The primary goal of AVL techniques is to ensure that the height of the tree remains logarithmic relative to the number of nodes, which guarantees efficient search, insertion, and deletion operations.

The key feature of AVL trees is the balance factor, which is the difference between the heights of the left and right subtrees of any node. An AVL tree is defined as a binary search tree where the balance factor of every node is either -1, 0, or 1. When a node's balance factor falls outside this range, the tree becomes unbalanced, and a rotation operation is performed to restore balance.

There are four types of rotations used in AVL trees: right rotation, left rotation, left-right rotation, and right-left rotation. These rotations are applied to specific nodes to rebalance the tree without violating the binary search tree properties. The choice of rotation depends on the specific imbalance detected in the tree.

AVL techniques are widely used in various applications, including databases, file systems, and real-time systems, where efficient data retrieval and manipulation are crucial. The balanced nature of AVL trees ensures that operations can be performed in logarithmic time, making them a reliable choice for maintaining ordered data structures.