ASDEX
ASDEX, short for Axially Symmetric Divertor EXperiment, is a tokamak device developed and operated by the Max Planck Institute for Plasma Physics (IPP) in Garching, near Munich, Germany. It was designed to study the physics of the tokamak divertor, a system intended to remove heat and particles from the edge of the plasma while minimizing impurities that degrade performance. ASDEX contributed to the early development of divertor concepts and plasma-material interaction research, informing the design of later reactors and experimental facilities.
Operational in the 1980s, ASDEX implemented a divertor configuration that allowed researchers to explore how to
In the early 1990s, ASDEX was upgraded and transformed into ASDEX Upgrade (AUG). The upgrade involved substantial
Today, ASDEX Upgrade continues the lineage of ASDEX, contributing to the broader understanding of edge and