ACWY

ACWY refers to a type of vaccine that protects against four strains of the bacterium Neisseria meningitidis, specifically serogroups A, C, W, and Y. These bacteria can cause meningococcal disease, a serious infection that can lead to meningitis (inflammation of the membranes surrounding the brain and spinal cord) and sepsis (a life-threatening blood infection). Meningococcal disease is most common in infants, adolescents, and young adults.

The ACWY vaccine is administered as a shot, typically in the arm. It is recommended for children and adolescents at specific ages, as well as for individuals with certain medical conditions or those at increased risk due to travel or outbreaks. The vaccine works by stimulating the immune system to produce antibodies against the four serogroups of meningococcus. Immunity usually develops within one to two weeks after vaccination.

There are different types of ACWY vaccines available, including conjugate vaccines and polysaccharide vaccines. Conjugate vaccines are generally more effective in younger children and provide longer-lasting protection. Booster doses may be recommended to maintain immunity over time. While the ACWY vaccine is highly effective, it does not protect against all strains of meningococcal bacteria, such as serogroup B, for which separate vaccines are available. The ACWY vaccine is considered safe, with common side effects including soreness, redness, or swelling at the injection site, and mild fever.