ABO3perovskiteyhdisteet

ABO3 perovskite refers to a specific crystal structure adopted by a class of inorganic compounds. The general formula ABO3 describes a cubic unit cell where the 'A' cation typically occupies the corners of the cube, the 'B' cation is located at the body center, and the oxygen anions ('O') are positioned at the face centers. This arrangement leads to a structure with octahedral coordination for the B cation, surrounded by six oxygen atoms, and a coordination number of 12 for the A cation.

The perovskite structure was first discovered in the mineral calcium titanate (CaTiO3), which was named after the Russian mineralogist L. A. Perovski. While the original mineral is a perovskite, the term is now widely used to describe any material exhibiting this crystallographic arrangement, regardless of its composition. Many different elements can substitute for A and B in the ABO3 formula, leading to a vast array of materials with diverse properties.

These compounds are of significant interest due to their wide range of applications. Many ABO3 perovskites exhibit remarkable electronic and ionic conductivity, making them suitable for use as catalysts, solid oxide fuel cell electrolytes and electrodes, and in gas sensors. Furthermore, some perovskites display interesting magnetic and ferroelectric properties, leading to their use in data storage devices, actuators, and sensors. The tunability of their properties through elemental substitution makes ABO3 perovskites a cornerstone in materials science research and development.