5flúróúracíli

5-fluorouracil, often abbreviated as 5-FU, is a chemotherapy medication used to treat various types of cancer. It belongs to a class of drugs known as antimetabolites. 5-FU works by interfering with the synthesis of DNA and RNA, which are essential for cell growth and division. Cancer cells, which typically divide more rapidly than normal cells, are particularly susceptible to this disruption.

The drug is administered either intravenously or topically, depending on the type and stage of cancer being treated. Intravenous administration is common for systemic cancers like colorectal, breast, stomach, and pancreatic cancers. Topical formulations are used to treat skin conditions such as actinic keratosis and superficial basal cell carcinoma.

Common side effects of 5-FU can include nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, mouth sores, and hair loss. It can also affect blood cell counts, leading to an increased risk of infection and bleeding. Skin reactions are more common with topical application. Due to its potential toxicity, 5-FU is always administered under the supervision of a qualified healthcare professional. The dosage and duration of treatment are carefully determined based on the individual patient's condition and response to the medication.