5HT1A1B

5-HT1A1B is a shorthand reference used to describe the serotonin receptor subtypes 5-HT1A and 5-HT1B, which belong to the 5-HT1 family of G protein-coupled receptors. Both receptor types couple to Gi/o proteins, leading to inhibition of adenylyl cyclase, reduced cAMP production, and modulation of ion channels, which in turn influence neurotransmitter release and neuronal excitability.

5-HT1A and 5-HT1B receptors have distinct but overlapping distributions and roles in the brain. 5-HT1A receptors function as somatodendritic autoreceptors in the dorsal and median raphe nuclei, regulating the firing rate and serotonin release. They also exist as postsynaptic receptors in limbic regions such as the hippocampus and cortex, where they modulate mood, anxiety, and cognition. 5-HT1B receptors act as presynaptic autoreceptors on serotonin terminals, and as postsynaptic receptors in areas including the basal ganglia and cortex, where they modulate the release of serotonin and other neurotransmitters such as dopamine and GABA. Together, these receptors influence processes related to mood, anxiety, aggression, and sensory processing.

Pharmacology and clinical relevance involve selective ligands and therapeutic uses. 5-HT1A and 5-HT1B receptors are targeted by various drugs: 5-HT1A agonists (for example, buspirone) are used as anxiolytics and antidepressants, while 5-HT1B/1D agonists (such as triptans) are used to treat acute migraine attacks. Antagonists and radioligands for these receptors facilitate research into their function and role in neuropsychiatric disorders. Research continues to explore receptor interactions, desensitization, and potential heterodimerization with other 5-HT receptors.