4Hydroxybutyronitrile

4-Hydroxybutyronitrile, also known as 4-cyanobutanol or gamma-hydroxybutyronitrile, is a chemical compound with the formula C4H7NO. It is a colorless liquid at room temperature and is soluble in water and many organic solvents. The molecule contains both a hydroxyl group (-OH) and a nitrile group (-CN), making it a bifunctional organic compound.

This compound can be synthesized through various chemical routes, often involving the reaction of 1,4-butanediol with ammonia or through ring-opening reactions of cyclic ethers. Its chemical properties are influenced by the presence of both functional groups. The hydroxyl group can undergo esterification and etherification reactions, while the nitrile group can be hydrolyzed to form carboxylic acids or reduced to amines.

4-Hydroxybutyronitrile serves as an intermediate in the synthesis of various organic molecules. It is particularly relevant in the production of pharmaceuticals and fine chemicals. Due to its bifunctional nature, it can be used to build more complex molecular structures. Its properties make it a useful starting material or reagent in organic synthesis. While not widely known to the general public, it plays a role in specialized chemical manufacturing processes.