3hydroxyanisole

3-Hydroxyanisole, also known as meta-hydroxyanisole, is an aromatic organic compound with the molecular formula C7H8O2. It is one of the hydroxyanisole isomers, consisting of a benzene ring bearing a methoxy group (−OCH3) and a hydroxyl group (−OH) in a meta arrangement. The preferred IUPAC name is 3-hydroxy-1-methoxybenzene. The compound is typically described as a colorless liquid at room temperature with a characteristic phenolic odor. It tends to be sparingly soluble in water and is more soluble in organic solvents.

Structure and properties: The methoxy and hydroxy substituents create both ether and phenolic functional characteristics, giving the molecule moderate polarity and acidity typical of phenols. The hydroxy group can engage in hydrogen bonding, and the ring can undergo electrophilic substitution directed by the meta orientation of the substituents.

Production and applications: 3-Hydroxyanisole is used mainly as an intermediate in the synthesis of fragrances, flavor compounds, and certain pharmaceutical and dye intermediates. It is also employed in academic research as a model compound for studying meta-directing effects and for evaluating methods in aromatic functionalization. It is one of three positional isomers, the others being 2-hydroxyanisole (guaiacol) and 4-hydroxyanisole (p-hydroxyanisole).

Safety: The compound can be a skin and eye irritant and should be handled with appropriate protective equipment in a well-ventilated area. It may pose risks if ingested or inhaled and should be stored away from heat sources.

See also: guaiacol; 4-hydroxyanisole.