3hidroxiacilCoAból

3-hydroxyacyl-CoA is a crucial intermediate molecule in cellular metabolism, primarily involved in the breakdown and synthesis of fatty acids. It is a derivative of coenzyme A (CoA) and a hydroxyl group attached to the beta-carbon (the third carbon atom) of the acyl chain. This specific positioning of the hydroxyl group is key to its function in various metabolic pathways.

In the process of beta-oxidation, the catabolism of fatty acids, 3-hydroxyacyl-CoA is formed when the acyl-CoA molecule undergoes oxidation. This molecule is then further processed to shorten the fatty acid chain, yielding acetyl-CoA, which can then enter the citric acid cycle for energy production.

Conversely, 3-hydroxyacyl-CoA also plays a role in fatty acid synthesis. While the primary pathway for synthesis involves malonyl-CoA, certain steps can involve intermediates with a hydroxyl group at the beta position.

The interconversion between 3-hydroxyacyl-CoA and other acyl-CoA derivatives is catalyzed by specific enzymes, highlighting its central role in regulating lipid metabolism. Genetic defects in the enzymes responsible for the metabolism of 3-hydroxyacyl-CoA can lead to various metabolic disorders, underscoring its importance for cellular health.