3Aminophenol

3-Aminophenol, also known as 3-hydroxyaniline, is an organic compound with the chemical formula C6H8NO. It is classified as an aniline derivative featuring both an amino group (-NH2) and a hydroxyl group (-OH) attached to a benzene ring, positioned at the 3-positions relative to each other.

This compound appears as a crystalline solid with a pale or white coloration and is primarily used in the synthesis of dyes, particularly azo dyes, owing to its ability to form stable color complexes. 3-Aminophenol is also employed as an intermediate in the production of pharmaceuticals, photographic developers, and hair dyes.

In terms of production, 3-aminophenol can be synthesized through several methods, including the reduction of nitrophenol derivatives or the diazotization of appropriate amines followed by reduction. Due to its chemical reactivity, handling must be conducted with care, adhering to safety protocols to prevent exposure and environmental release.

The compound exhibits typical amino and phenolic properties, functioning as a weak base and engaging in typical reactions such as diazotization, nitration, and coupling reactions. Its solubility in water is limited, but it dissolves readily in organic solvents like ethanol and acetone.

While useful industrially, 3-aminophenol’s toxicity requires proper safety measures during handling. Exposure can cause irritation to skin, eyes, and the respiratory system. Overall, it remains an important chemical in the manufacturing of dyes and related products.