2phenylethanamine

2-phenylethanamine, also known as phenethylamine or PEA, is a naturally occurring monoamine alkaloid and trace amine. It is synthesized in the brain from the amino acid phenylalanine. Phenethylamine acts as a neurotransmitter and neuromodulator in the central nervous system. It plays a role in various physiological processes, including mood regulation, attention, and arousal. Structurally, it is a simple molecule composed of a phenyl ring attached to an ethylamine chain.

In the human body, phenethylamine is metabolized by enzymes such as monoamine oxidase B (MAO-B) and phenylethanolamine N-methyltransferase (PNMT). Its presence in food, such as chocolate and some fermented products, has also been noted, although its psychoactive effects from dietary sources are generally considered minimal due to rapid metabolism. It is an endogenous compound, meaning it is produced within the body. Derivatives of phenethylamine are found in many stimulants and psychoactive drugs, which has led to research into its own pharmacological properties and potential therapeutic applications. The study of phenethylamine contributes to our understanding of neurochemistry and the mechanisms of mood and behavior.