25Mg

25Mg is a stable isotope of the chemical element magnesium. It has atomic number 12 (12 protons) and a mass number of 25, corresponding to 13 neutrons. It is one of the three naturally occurring magnesium isotopes, with natural abundance around 10% in common samples of magnesium, the others being 24Mg and 26Mg.

Because 25Mg has an odd number of neutrons, its nucleus carries a nonzero nuclear spin (I = 5/2). This makes 25Mg NMR active and gives rise to quadrupolar interactions that influence its nuclear magnetic resonance behavior in solid-state and solution studies. The isotope also has a nonzero nuclear magnetic moment, which is relevant for its magnetic properties and spectroscopic investigations.

In practice, 25Mg is used primarily in isotopic and spectroscopic applications. In geochemistry and cosmochemistry, measurements of the 25Mg/24Mg and 25Mg/26Mg ratios help elucidate magnesium cycling, mineral formation processes, and planetary differentiation. In materials science and chemistry, 25Mg NMR provides structural information for magnesium-containing compounds and minerals, such as MgO, carbonates, silicates, and related materials. Isotopic labeling with 25Mg can be employed to trace magnesium pathways in chemical reactions and biological systems, though such uses are less common than in inorganic and earth sciences.

Overall, 25Mg is a stable, non-radioactive isotope of magnesium with distinct nuclear properties that enable a range of analytical and research applications, particularly in NMR spectroscopy and isotopic studies.